Here are the fiber optic cable materials with the introduction of their features and applications. Fiberoptic cable termination removable and reusable optical termination in the form of metal and plastic connectors plays a vital role in an optical system. Telecommunications distribution methods manual, 12th edition, building industry. The larger the core, the more light the cable can carry. In reality it is a very narrow, very long glass cylinder with special characteristics. Fiber optic cable is similar to electrical cable in its construction, but provides special protection for the optical fiber within. Six common materials in fiber optic cable construction. An increasing amount of fiber will be installed in the future. Engineering aerial facilities ota technical conference september 4, 2014. When it comes to aerial fiber optic cable installation or deployment, here are two choices for the aerial cables. Technical specification for single mode optical fiber cable. In instances where new fiber optic cable is being spliced to existing fiber optic cable, the new cable shall match the existing type of fiber optic cable, unless it does not meet the following specifications.
Coaxial, utp, fiber opticcommscope makes all of the cables that make the broadband revolution possible. Landslide monitoring using a road embedded optical fiber. Fibre optic construction fibre optic cabling has the following components starting in the centre and working out. Preventive maintenance of fiber optic cables and optics. Optical fiber is used as a medium for telecommunication and computer networking because it is flexible and can be bundled as cables. This is the physical medium that transports optical data signals from an attached light source to a receiving device. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and. The fundamental principle underlying the operation. Two major advantages from this design are perfect fiber isolation from mechanical. Optical fiber cable reels are typically very heavy and, therefore, they must be loaded and unloaded using a crane, special lift truck or forklift.
An increasing amount of fiber will be installed in the. Therefore, when fiber is placed inside complete cables, special construction techniques are used to allow the fiber to. Fiber optic 101 and cable selection iit armour college. Installation guide for optical fibre cable edition 05. Conec fiber optic connectors made with precision and high quality ceramic components provide a. Since that time we have continued to build thousand of miles of fiber optic cable plant and have the experience to successfully manage this aspect of communications technology. Example of the construction of a multi fiber cable ii. A construction support system for optical fiber networks. The angle at which internal reflection will occur is dependent upon the difference. Buffered fiber outer jacket figure 2 all of the glass fibre used by nexans is manufactured using the same basic construction. The following diagram shows the construction of a fiber optic cable.
Fiber optic cables group 3 optical fiber construction fiber optic cables group 3 core. In order to achieve accurate and precise connections of the fiber ends, very high quality ceramic components are used. The cable cross section is two fiber cables for interconnect applications. A technology that uses glass or plastic threads fibers to transmit data. Core the fiber core is made of silica glass and is the central part of the fiber optic cable that carries the light signal. Table 1 a capacity planning for optical fibre cables. The presurvey will verify construction methods, special tools required, or possibly require a revision of preliminary splice locations. Esticoms new softwareasaservice estimating and takeoff software. For example, a fiber is specified as 50125, and this means that the core has a diameter of 50 m and that the cladding diameter is 125. Never install a fibre optic cable if temperature is below. Fiber optic cable construction video fosco connect. It is the highly refractive central region of an optical fiber through which light is transmitted. The core is a single continuous strand of glass or plastic thats measured in microns by the size of its outer diameter.
The purpose of our system developed is to support the work of connecting or transferring optical fiber cables, and to search for trouble points in optical cables. Fiberoptic cables are constructed of three types of materials. It is especially advantageous for longdistance communications, because light propagates through the fiber with much lower attenuation compared to electrical cables. The core is made of an ultrapure glass that provides an optical path for the light. When installing a drop cable onto subscriber premises, the suspension wire must be anchored. Fiberoptic cables might have to be spliced together for a number of reasons. Aug 19, 2014 based on 900um tight buffered fiber and 250um coated fiber there are two basic types of fiber optic cable constructions tight buffered cable and loose tube cable. An optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair.
Following are guidelines for unloading, moving and storing of communication cable reels. Feb 12, 2014 the construction of fiber optic cable pdf 1. Cable construction, installation and maintenance fiber optic event date time bidders electronic question due date refer to rfp section 1. History of optical fiber began with the invention of optical telegraph by french chappe brothers. The cladding is also made of glass, but it has been i ntentionally polluted to have a different refractive index to prevent light from escaping the core.
Renka single mode optical fiber cables are constructed with dispersion unshifted single mode optical fibers, with a matched cladding. Sep 06, 2014 fiber optic cables group 3 optical fiber construction fiber optic cables group 3 core. A main purpose of a fiber optic cable is to protect the fiber core inside the cable that carries the light signal transmission. Small oil micro deposits and dust particles on fiber. An increasing amount of fiber will be installed in the future as we find more and more uses for this technology. Commscopes experience with coaxial cable and broadband service providers has enabled us to design a family of fiberoptic cables that is unmatched for. Construction of optical fiberfiber categoriesfiber optics. Puzrin, andreas schmid institute for geotechnical engineering igt, sw iss federal institute of. In a typical installation, occ indooroutdoor distribution series cables. Cloudbased structured cabling estimating software esticom. Landslide monitoring using a road embedded optical fiber sensor michael iten, alexander m. Cloudbased estimating, takeoff software for lowvoltage and. As one of the common outdoor fiber optic cables, aerial fiber optic cable is suspended from poles, pylons or mounted on buildings. The installation of optical fiber cable requires expertise, experience and individual judgments about the methods.
Underground installation of optic fiber cable placing sterlite. Since the introduction of fiber in the 1970s, optical fibers have revolutionized. Fiber the cable crosssection in figure 1 demonstrates a two fiber cable for interconnect applications. The costs associated with bonding and grounding are eliminated with the alldielectric design while the toneable design. The same way as copper cables, fiber cables vary in specifications, mainly depending on the applications they are designed for. The diameter of the cladding surrounding core is125. Fiber optic cable construction fiber optic components.
Fiber optic cable products this catalog contains indepth information on the general cable line of fiber optic cable for voice, video and data transmission. When securing the suspension wire of a drop cable, making a sharp bend in the optical fiber can result in a break. In this video, we will introduce the basic structures of a fiber optic cable. Please note that ifibretothedesktopi and icentralized fibre systemsi are fast becoming. Fiber optic cable construction because its usually made of glass, fiber optic cable cannot withstand sharp bending or longitudinal stress even though it seems quite flexible. Fiber optics are used as a data transmission method whereby data is converted into modulated waves of light to be sent over optical fiber cable.
Draft standard for underground laying of optical fibre cable. A brief history of fiberoptic communications the physics. The assist can either be a manual push assist or a mechanical push. Fiber optic construction bigham cable construction, inc. An optical fiber cable is a cable containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light. In general, there are two methods to link optical fibers together. Types of fiber and fiber optic cable construction ftta. May 27, 20 there are mainly six common materials in fiber optic cable construction. We have combined our construction industry and technical. The construction of the glass can be looked at separately from the design of the cable, as the fiber itself is constructed using distinct materials and is shipped by the fiber manufacturer as a finished product. Dec 04, 2015 fiber optic cable construction a fiber optic strand consists of a core and a cladding. A presurvey of the fiber cable route is very important in planning for an aerial optical fiber cable project. Technical specification for single mode optical fiber. An optical fiber is a very thin strand of silica glass in geometry quite like a human hair.
Specification standard optical fiber backbone cabling 27 23 the university of new mexico, november 17, 2010 page 2 of 16 c. Fiber optics are an alternative to traditional copper based data transmission cables over which they possess several advantages such as extremely high bandwidth, low losses even over great distances. The product and technical sections feature the latest information on fiber optic cable products, from applications and construction to detailed technical and specific data. Before you buy fiber optic cable, you should think about this. Grade c construction, defined in nesc, is sufficient for most. Optical fibres or optical fibers can also be split into single mode fibre, and multimode fibre.
An optical fiber is a very thin strand of plastic or glass that is used to transmit messages via light. Mention of both single mode fiber and multimode fiber is often seen in the literature. Construction of optical fiberfiber categoriesfiber. Page 1 of 6 technical specification for single mode optical fiber cable for aerial or duct application nonmetallic type sm 212 fibers. Multiwheel banana type sheaves often have shallow grooves that may allow the cable to jump out of the groove, and.
The fs automatically switches the test light into a designated optical fiber in optical cables. Technical specification for optic fibre cable ergon energy corporation limited abn 50 087 646 062. Loose buffer a loose buffers inner diameter is much larger than a fibers outer diameter. Fiber optic construction we began fiber optic cable construction in 1988, at the onset of the implementation of fiber optic cable placement in the cable television industry. The contractor shall complete all work and turn over a completed and standards compliant optical fiber cabling system to. When stripping optical fiber cable of its layers, following. Datasheet the construction of fiber optic cable fiber optic elements fiber optic cable provides the most advanced communication media available today. Fiber optic cable provides the most advanced communication media available today. The contractor shall complete all work and turn over a completed and standards compliant optical fiber cabling system to meet the unm it network installation system. Os1 single mode tight buffered cable each fiber has its own protective twolayer coating colorcoded for identification. This allows an easier and more systematic take off of the materials and. In order to better understand how fiber cable works, one should have a look at its components see figure 1. Aerial fiber optic cable installation guide fs community.
Therefore, when fiber is placed inside complete cables, special construction techniques are used to allow the fiber to move freely within a tube. Fiber optic cable construction a fiber optic strand consists of a core and a cladding. An optical fiber for the telecommunication is made of glass designed to guide light along its length by total internal reflection. As soon as the cable is set on the landing route, the balloons will be taken off by the divers between the. Fiber buffer options optical cable corporation offers three distinct buffering systems, each carefully engineered and manufactured to be. Cable u training communications estimating the fiber optic. Using this type of cable, the light is refracted towards the centre of the cable. Based on 900um tight buffered fiber and 250um coated fiber there are two basic types of fiber optic cable constructions tight buffered cable and loose tube cable. The reels are heavy and may contain from 5,000 to 15,000 meters of cable. Fiber optic system installers often refer to fiber cable sizes in the following format. Jun 29, 2016 an optical fiber cable is a cable containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light. When installing a cable, it is important to monitor tensions in the cable and bend radii to ensure they are within the limits.
The optical fiber mainly consists the following six parts as shown in figure core. This will keep the cable away from phase conductors and ensure that the cable stays in the sheave groove. There are mainly six common materials in fiber optic cable construction. The database also provides expertly designed takeoff types with prebuilt formulas that eliminate manual. Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiberoptic communications, where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths data rates than electrical. Before any detailed discussion on how to handle optical fiber cable, some brief discussion of fiber and cable design is required. Internal reflection may occur when light traveling in a material strikes the boundary of another material with a lower refractive index. A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is capable of transmitting messages modulated onto light waves. For systems requiring transmission over distances of many kilometers, or where two or more fiber optic cables must be joined together, an optical splice is commonly used.
Two basic types of fiber optic cable construction fiber. The optical fibre cable as specified shall have single mode optical fibres in accordance with. Variations might affect core diameter, materials used, and environment cable could be used in. Aug 23, 2017 optical fiber construction and working. In some areas, it is necessary to use uplift rollers or holddown blocks. Splicing seamless permanent or semipermanent optical connections require. The construction of fiber optic cable pdf slideshare. The flat drop cable design is a small, lightweight cable construction designed for ease of handling and installation. Preventive maintenance of fiber optic cables and optics the end of a fiber optic cable and the inner surface of an optical module lens constitute optical surfaces that should be properly c leaned and maintained to ensure optimum reliability and system performance. Optical telegraph is the system comprised of series of. Eliminating confusion between the different terms, and providing an understanding of the cable construction will make handling the products less complicated. These strands are bundled together in a protective sheath or cover.
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